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title: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Auto-HSCT)
url: "https://www.yyhmedical.com/en/guide/technology/autologous-transplant"
type: MedicalWebPage
inLanguage: en-US
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# Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Auto-HSCT)

> Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) is a treatment in which a patient's own blood-forming stem cells are collected and stored before high-dose chemotherapy and then returned to the patient to restore bone marrow function.

## Overview

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) is a treatment in which a patient's own blood-forming stem cells are collected and stored before high-dose chemotherapy and then returned to the patient to restore bone marrow function.

  

The transplanted stem cells do not directly attack the cancer. Instead, they help restore blood cell production after intensive anticancer treatment, allowing selected patients to receive higher doses of therapy than the bone marrow could otherwise tolerate.

  

Auto-HSCT is most commonly used for multiple myeloma and certain lymphomas, although it may also be considered for selected patients with other conditions.

## Indications

Whether auto-HSCT is appropriate depends on the disease, treatment stage, response to previous therapy, age, organ function, and overall health.

  

Multiple myeloma is one of the main indications for auto-HSCT. For eligible patients, transplantation is generally used as part of a broader treatment plan after an adequate response to initial therapy.

  

Some patients with Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma may also undergo auto-HSCT if the disease relapses or does not respond adequately to initial treatment and can be brought under control with salvage therapy.

  

Auto-HSCT is not appropriate for every blood cancer. In diseases such as acute leukemia, other treatment strategies are more commonly selected based on disease risk and the individual clinical situation.

## Treatment Process

Auto-HSCT generally involves pre-transplant evaluation, stem cell mobilization and collection, conditioning therapy, stem cell infusion, and post-transplant recovery.

  

Before transplantation, medications are usually given to move blood-forming stem cells from the bone marrow into the bloodstream. The cells are then collected through a blood cell separation procedure and stored. Patients subsequently receive high-dose chemotherapy as conditioning treatment to reduce the amount of cancer in the body.

  

The stored stem cells are then infused back into the bloodstream. Over time, they return to the bone marrow and begin producing new blood cells, a process known as engraftment. Until blood counts recover, patients require close monitoring for complications such as infection and bleeding.

## Risks and Complications

The main risks of auto-HSCT are related to the bone marrow suppression and organ toxicity caused by high-dose conditioning therapy. Blood counts can fall significantly, increasing the risk of infection, bleeding, and anemia.

  

Other possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, fatigue, and changes in liver or kidney function. The specific risks depend on the conditioning regimen, age, and overall health.

  

Because the patient's own stem cells are used, auto-HSCT does not typically cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a complication associated with allogeneic transplantation. However, it also does not provide the graft-versus-tumor immune effect of allo-HSCT, so relapse of the underlying cancer remains an important consideration during long-term follow-up.

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