[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":93},["ShallowReactive",2],{"media-slots-en":3,"wiki-item-en-disease-urethral-cancer":61},{"about.hero":4,"about.video":6,"about.video-cover":8,"charity.hero":10,"contact.hero":12,"evidence.hero":14,"footer.qr-blood":16,"footer.qr-mini":18,"footer.qr-official":20,"footer.qr-solid":22,"guide.hero":24,"home.hero":26,"home.news-featured":28,"home.story-featured":30,"news.hero":32,"news.lead":34,"news.thumb":36,"stories.cover":41,"stories.hero":48,"stories.lead":50,"wiki.cat":52,"wiki.detail-hero":57,"wiki.hero":59},[5],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fpc_banner\u002F%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E5%8D%9A%E5%8C%BB%E5%90%8C%E8%A1%8C_en.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[7],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fabout\u002F%E9%A3%9E%E4%B9%A620260729-233252_compressed.mp4",[9],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fabout\u002F%E9%A3%9E%E4%B9%A620260729-233252_frame1.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[11],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fpc_banner\u002F%E5%85%AC%E7%9B%8A%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5_en.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[13],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fbytx-pc-uploads\u002F2026\u002F08\u002Fbde8f2354d29ffca7dcfe395ef4711b2.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[15],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.yyhmedical.com\u002Fimages\u002Fevidence\u002Fhero.jpg",[17],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fabout\u002Fqr-blood.png?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[19],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fabout\u002Fqr-mini.png?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[21],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fabout\u002Fqr-official.png?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[23],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fabout\u002Fqr-solid.png?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[25],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fpc_banner\u002F%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%BA%93_en.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[27],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fpc_banner\u002F%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5_en.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[29],"\u002Fimages\u002Fhome\u002Fnews-featured.jpg",[31],"\u002Fimages\u002Fhome\u002Fstory-featured.jpg",[33],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fpc_banner\u002F%E6%82%A3%E5%8F%8B%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8_en.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[35],"\u002Fimages\u002Fnews\u002Flead.jpg",[37,38,39,40],"\u002Fimages\u002Fnews\u002Fn1.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fnews\u002Fn2.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fnews\u002Fn3.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fnews\u002Fn4.jpg",[42,43,44,45,46,47],"\u002Fimages\u002Fstories\u002Fs1.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fstories\u002Fs2.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fstories\u002Fs3.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fstories\u002Fs4.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fstories\u002Fs5.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fstories\u002Fs6.jpg",[49],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fpc_banner\u002F%E6%82%A3%E8%80%85%E6%95%85%E4%BA%8B_en.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",[51],"\u002Fimages\u002Fstories\u002Flead.jpg",[53,54,55,56],"\u002Fimages\u002Fwiki\u002Fcat-1.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fwiki\u002Fcat-2.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fwiki\u002Fcat-3.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fwiki\u002Fcat-4.jpg",[58],"\u002Fimages\u002Fwiki\u002Fdetail-hero.jpg",[60],"https:\u002F\u002Fgaobo-byh-h5.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fpc_banner\u002F%E6%8A%97%E7%99%8C%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91_en.jpg?x-oss-process=image\u002Fresize,limit_1,w_1600\u002Fquality,q_80\u002Fformat,webp",{"slug":62,"category":63,"categoryName":64,"title":65,"summary":66,"toc":67,"ymyl":90,"hasAlternate":92,"updatedAt":73},"disease-urethral-cancer","solid","Solid Tumors","Urethral Cancer","Urethral cancer is a malignancy that develops in the urethra. Primary urethral carcinoma is very rare. Major histologic types include urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and other less common tumors.",[68,74,78,82,86],{"key":69,"title":70,"html":71,"icon":72,"updatedAt":73},"","Overview","\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">When cancer first develops in the urethra, it is called primary urethral carcinoma. It is much less common than urothelial cancers of the bladder and upper urinary tract.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Major histologic types include urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Both tumor location and histologic type can influence treatment. For example, localized distal tumors may be managed differently from proximal or locally advanced disease, and urothelial carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma may require different systemic or radiation-based strategies.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","⚕️","2026-10-08",{"key":69,"title":75,"html":76,"icon":77,"updatedAt":73},"Causes and Risk Factors","\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">The exact cause of primary urethral cancer is not fully understood. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Factors associated with increased risk may include:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Chronic or recurrent inflammation of the urethra\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Urethral stricture\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Urethral diverticulum, particularly in women\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Certain human papillomavirus (HPV) infections\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">A history of or concurrent urothelial cancer elsewhere in the urinary tract\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Certain forms of chronic urinary tract irritation or infection\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">In women, urethral diverticula are associated with some adenocarcinomas, while chronic inflammation and HPV may contribute to some squamous cell carcinomas.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Having a risk factor does not mean that a person will develop urethral cancer, and many patients have no clearly identifiable cause.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","🧬",{"key":69,"title":79,"html":80,"icon":81,"updatedAt":73},"Signs and Symptoms","\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Symptoms depend on the location and extent of the tumor. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Possible signs and symptoms include:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul class=\" list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Difficulty urinating or a weak urinary stream\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Urinary retention\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Blood in the urine or bleeding from the urethra\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Abnormal urethral discharge\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Frequent, urgent, or painful urination\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">A mass near or within the urethra\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Pelvic, perineal, or local pain\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;text-align: justify;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Some men may also notice blood in the semen.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">When the cancer involves nearby tissues or lymph nodes, patients may develop enlarged groin or pelvic lymph nodes, fistulas, or local infection.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">More advanced disease may cause persistent pain, fatigue, or unexplained weight loss.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","📋",{"key":69,"title":83,"html":84,"icon":85,"updatedAt":73},"Diagnosis","\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Diagnosis and staging generally require a combination of physical examination, endoscopy, biopsy, and imaging.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Urethroscopy allows doctors to directly inspect the urethra and assess the location and extent of a lesion.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">A tissue biopsy is essential to determine the histologic type, such as urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or adenocarcinoma.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Urine cytology may provide additional information, particularly when urothelial carcinoma is suspected, but it is not sensitive enough to establish or exclude the diagnosis on its own.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">MRI is particularly useful for evaluating the local extent of the primary tumor and whether nearby structures are involved. CT is commonly used to assess pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes and distant spread.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Because urethral cancer can occur together with urothelial tumors elsewhere in the urinary tract, cystoscopy and evaluation of the upper urinary tract may also be needed in selected patients.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","🩺",{"key":69,"title":87,"html":88,"icon":89,"updatedAt":73},"Treatment","\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">Localized Urethral Cancer\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Surgery is an important treatment for localized urethral cancer, but modern treatment increasingly aims to preserve urinary and sexual function whenever this can be done without compromising cancer control.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">For localized distal urethral tumors in men, distal urethrectomy or other penile-preserving surgery may be considered when negative surgical margins can be achieved. Penectomy is therefore not required for every patient.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">In selected women with localized distal tumors, urethra-sparing surgery or local radiation therapy may also be considered. More extensive surgery may be needed when complete tumor removal cannot otherwise be achieved.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\"> \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 style=\"margin-top: 7px;margin-bottom: 7px;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\u003Cstrong>Locally Advanced \u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">Urethral Cancer\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Locally advanced urethral cancer is usually treated with a multidisciplinary approach.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">For locally advanced urothelial carcinoma, perioperative systemic treatment can follow principles used for muscle-invasive and advanced urothelial cancer, including cisplatin-based chemotherapy in selected patients.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">For locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma, definitive chemoradiation with radiosensitizing chemotherapy may be used with curative intent and can offer a genital-preserving approach for selected patients.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\"> \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 style=\"margin-top: 7px;margin-bottom: 7px;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\u003Cstrong>Metastatic Urethral Cancer\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">For metastatic urethral cancer, systemic treatment is generally the main approach and is selected according to histologic type.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Urothelial carcinoma is usually treated according to current principles for advanced urothelial cancer. Treatment is no longer limited to older chemotherapy regimens such as GC or MVAC and may also involve immunotherapy and antibody-drug conjugates, depending on prior treatment, kidney function, overall health, and local approvals.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma require histology-specific treatment strategies, which may include platinum-based therapy, chemoradiation, or other systemic approaches.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Because primary urethral cancer is very rare, evidence for advanced disease is limited, and treatment at an experienced multidisciplinary center is particularly important.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\"> \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 style=\"margin-top: 7px;margin-bottom: 7px;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cstrong>Radiation Therapy\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Radiation therapy is not limited to palliation in patients who cannot undergo surgery.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">It may be used as an alternative local treatment in selected women with localized disease, as part of definitive chemoradiation for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma, or for local control and symptom relief in recurrent or metastatic disease.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"margin: 7px 0;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Potential complications can include urethral stricture and local tissue injury, so the risks and benefits need to be assessed individually.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","💊",{"author":69,"reviewedBy":69,"lastReviewed":69,"datePublished":69,"citations":91,"disclaimer":69},[],false,1792294354627]