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B 细胞（B 淋巴细胞）。",[83,89,94,99],{"key":84,"title":85,"html":86,"icon":87,"updatedAt":88},"overview","疾病概述","\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">伯基特淋巴瘤（Burkitt lymphoma，BL）是一种高度侵袭性B细胞淋巴瘤，在病因上与EB病毒相关，具有特异MYC癌基因易位。常表现为结外侵犯和白血病形式。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","⚕️","2026-08-03",{"key":90,"title":91,"html":92,"icon":93,"updatedAt":88},"symptom","症状表现","\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">伯基特淋巴瘤（BL）有地方性、散发性和免疫缺陷相关性三种类型。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">1.地方性BL通常表现为颌骨和其他面骨肿瘤；可累及结外，尤其是骨髓和脑膜。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">2.散发性BL颌骨受累少见，主要表现为腹部肿块，回肠末端和盲肠是最常受累的部位，可伴有恶心、呕吐、腹部疼痛、排便习惯改变等；淋巴结受累多见于成年人；肝、脾和腹膜后器官也可受累。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">3.免疫缺陷相关性BL主要与HIV感染相关，通常最初表现为AIDS的症状。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>","📋",{"key":95,"title":96,"html":97,"icon":98,"updatedAt":88},"exam","检查方式","\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">如果医生怀疑您患有伯基特淋巴瘤，他（她）首先会对您做全面的体格检查。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">诊断伯基特淋巴瘤的常规检查包括：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·血液检查 \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">用于观察不同类型血细胞的数量和形态；另外，血液乳酸脱氢酶常因体内细胞更新快而增高，特别是在那些肿瘤负荷重的患者中更常见。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·骨髓检查能了解肿瘤细胞的浸润情况。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·CT对胸腹部、头颈部以及咽喉、鼻腔等部位形成横断面图像。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·PET\u002FCT可以对全身的肿瘤病灶进行显像。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·内镜检查：BL患者常见腹部发病，内镜检查可以了解病变范围，同时取得活检标本进行病理诊断。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·流式细胞分析可检测细胞表面蛋白，其检查结果可对免疫组化的方法进行补充。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·基因检测可查出患者常见染色体和基因异常。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">检查结果有助于帮助患者确定最佳治疗方案，需要接受哪些检查取决于您的症状和整体健康状况。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>","🩺",{"key":100,"title":101,"html":102,"icon":103,"updatedAt":88},"treatment","治疗方式","\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">伯基特淋巴瘤的治疗方法主要包括化疗、免疫治疗、靶向治疗、细胞免疫治疗和造血干细胞移植等。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·化疗\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">淋巴瘤对化疗很敏感，只要按照不同的病理类型，选择敏感的药物，按分期和危险度分组，给不同强度的化疗方案，就可以达到比较精准的分层治疗，多数患者有比较好的疗效。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·靶向治疗\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">靶向药物针对肿瘤细胞上面的靶点，直接作用到肿瘤细胞上，选择性地杀死肿瘤细胞；目前每种病理类型都有具有针对性的靶向药物；靶向治疗是比化疗更精准更有效的方法。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·细胞免疫治疗\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">细胞免疫治疗，主要包括CAR-T等治疗，是通过体外诱导激活、扩增自体或异体的免疫效应细胞，之后回输入患者体内，进而杀伤肿瘤细胞、提高患者抗肿瘤免疫功能。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">·造血干细胞移植\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">操作时，医生先利用大剂量的化疗和放疗来抑制骨髓，随后将从患者自身或供者身上采集的健康骨髓干细胞输入患者的血液中，干细胞会随血液循环进入骨骼并重建骨髓。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cbr\u002F>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15px;\">接受造血干细胞移植的患者发生感染的风险可能会增加。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>","💊",{"author":105,"reviewedBy":105,"lastReviewed":105,"datePublished":105,"citations":106,"disclaimer":105},"",[107],{"title":108},"Mayo Clinic",false,1789384106600]